宇航学报

宇航学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 829-834.doi: 10.3873/j.issn.1000-1328.2011.04.019

• 制导、导航与控制 • 上一篇    下一篇

卫星导航和惯性导航与时间和空间的理论

林金1,2   

  1. 1. 中国运载火箭研究院北京航天自动控制研究所，北京 100854；  2. 中国航天工程咨询中心，北京 100048
  • 收稿日期:2010-10-08 修回日期:2010-12-27 出版日期:2011-04-15 发布日期:2011-04-26
  • 基金资助:
    收稿日期：20101008;
    \ 修回日期：20101227

Satellite Navigation and Inertial Navigation vs Theory of Space and Time

LIN Jin1,2   

  1. 1.Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute, China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100854, China; 2．China Aerospace Engineering Consultation Center, Beijing 100048, China
  • Received:2010-10-08 Revised:2010-12-27 Online:2011-04-15 Published:2011-04-26

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摘要： 从卫星导航和惯性导航的测速定位机理分析出发讨论了时间和空间理论的有关基本问题。提供了一种卫星导航的原理完备的观测方程形式，包括惯性和非惯性物理效应。着重讨论了洛伦兹一次项的效应，伽里略变换自然进化到洛伦兹变换，“同地性”的相对性自然导致“同时性”的相对性。从卫星导航的单程光（电磁）信号的特点出发讨论了爱因斯坦“往”和“返”双程光信号定义带来的困惑。指出哈勃红移是超低速度和超大距离的狭义相对论效应验证。用爱因斯坦对惯性质量和引力质量等效原理的论述，论证了惯性导航的理论基础和超过 3×10 8m/s的速度测量机理。

关键词: 卫星导航, 惯性导航, 时间和空间, 洛伦兹一次项效应, 哈勃红移

Abstract: On the basis of analysis of the principle of positioning and speed measuring in satellite navigation and inertial navigation, fundamental issues of the theory of space and time are discussed in this paper. A perfect form of observation equations for satellite navigation, including physical effects of inertial system and non\|inertial system, is provided. The first order effect of the Lorentz transformation is discussed emphatically. The evolution from Galileo transformation into Lorentz transformation leads naturally to the relativity of ‘simultaneity’. The puzzles caused by Einstein’s definition based on ‘to\|and\|fro’two way signal are analysed from the point of view of the one way electromagnetic signal specific for satellite navigation. It is pointed out that the Hubble’s red shift is a verification of a kind of first order effect of Lorentz transformation. The theoretical foundation of inertial navigation is discussed on the basis of Einstein’s principle of equivalence of inertial mass and gravitational mass. A measurement mechanism of speed more than 3×10 8m/s is discussed.

Key words: Satellite navigation, Inertial navigation, Space and time, Lorentz first order effect, Hubble’s red shift

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