宇航学报

宇航学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 743-750.doi: 10.3873/j.issn.1000-1328.2017.07.010

• 推进技术与动力 • 上一篇    下一篇

热力学排气工作过程中流体热分层实验研究

刘展，张晓屿，张少华，刘欣，厉彦忠   

  1. 1. 西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院，西安 710049；2. 中国运载火箭技术研究院研发中心，北京 100076
  • 收稿日期:2017-02-27 修回日期:2017-05-03 出版日期:2017-07-15 发布日期:2017-07-25
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(51376142)

Experimental Study on Fluid Thermal Stratification During Operation of Thermodynamic Vent

LIU Zhan, ZHANG Xiao yu, ZHANG Shao hua, LIU Xin, LI Yan zhong   

  1. 1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
     2. Research and Development Center, China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China
  • Received:2017-02-27 Revised:2017-05-03 Online:2017-07-15 Published:2017-07-25

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摘要：

基于地面热力学排气实验平台，以R123为工质，在初始液位0.595 m、外部漏热800 W的工况下，研究了箱体增压、混合喷射降压、节流制冷以及自然冷却等不同工作过程中箱内流体温度分布。实验结果表明：在增压阶段，箱内流体温度分层发展良好。在混合喷射阶段，当循环流量为96 L/h时，热层厚度发展速率为1.57 mm/min；而当循环流量增加到152 L/h时，热层厚度增加率为1.07 mm/min。热分层充分发展大约耗时5.48 h。在节流制冷阶段，液相温度变化基本控制在1.98 ℃以内，气相最大温降13 ℃。自然冷却阶段开始15 min后，制冷喷射的影响逐渐消失。在外部空气冷却下，气相温度逐渐趋于顶部温度最低、界面温度最高的线性分布；液相测点则基本上以恒定的速率平行向温度降低方向推进。

关键词: 低温推进剂, 热分层, 热力学排气, 控压模式

Abstract:

The fluid temperature distribution is experimentally studied with the working fluid R123, based on the ground thermodynamic vent system experimental rig. The present experiment is conducted under the initial liquid height of 0.595 m and the heat load of 800 W during the tank pressurization, mixing injection depressurization, throttling refrigeration and free cooling phases. Experimental results show that the fluid temperature stratification is greatly developed during the pressurization phase. During the mixing depressurization process, the increase rate of the thermal layer development is 1.54 mm/min with the circulation volume flow of 96 L/h. While the circulation volume flow increases to 152 L/h, it is about 1.07 mm/min for the thermal layer development. For the present experiment, it consumes 5.48 h for the whole development of the thermal stratification. The liquid temperature is limited within 1.98 ℃, while the vapor has the maximum temperature reduction of 13 ℃, during the throttling refrigeration phase. In the free cooling part, the effect of the injection cold fluid disappears 15 min later. Under the cooling of the external air, a linear vapor temperature distribution finally has a tendency of the minimum value in the top and the maximum value in the interface. While for the liquid temperature, it reduces parallel to the direction of the temperature decrease with the constant rate.

Key words: Cryogenic propellant, Thermal stratification, Thermodynamic vent, Pressure control mode

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