宇航学报

宇航学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 9-18.doi: 10.3873/j.issn.1000-1328.2019.01.002

• 飞行器设计与力学 • 上一篇    下一篇

一种未来大型天地往返运输系统平台气动方案

向先宏，钱战森，李雪飞，李春鹏   

  1. 1.中国航空工业空气动力研究院，沈阳 110034；2.高速高雷诺数气动力航空科技重点实验室，沈阳 110034
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-27 修回日期:2018-07-12 出版日期:2019-01-15 发布日期:2019-01-25
  • 基金资助:

    装备发展部领域基金（61402060102）;国家自然科学基金（11672280）

Aerodynamic Scheme of a Larger Affordable and Reusable Space Transportation System

XIANG Xian hong, QIAN Zhan sen, LI Xue fei, LI Chun peng   

  1. 1. AVIC Aerodynamics Research Institute，Shenyang 110034, China; 2. Aeronautical Science and Technology Key Laboratory for High Speed Reynolds Number Aerodynamic Research, Shenyang 110034, China
  • Received:2018-03-27 Revised:2018-07-12 Online:2019-01-15 Published:2019-01-25

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摘要：

针对未来低运行成本、可直接水平起降、重复使用的大型天地往返运输系统平台飞行器研制所需重点解决的全速域气动力性能需求与气动热防护匹配等难题，分析了典型航天飞机方案所存在的能量运行缺陷等主要问题及可能的改善方案。基于放宽气动热防护设计、涡轮/冲压/火箭发动机三动力组合、嵌套式旋转机翼全速域变体、在爬升阶段将飞行动能转化为高度势能以及再入阶段“跳跃式”盘旋减速飞行轨迹控制等设计思想，从能量损失速率控制和回收利用等角度出发，开展了一种新型大型天地往返运输系统平台气动布局概念设计研究。全速域气动力/热性能工程估算以及内/外流整体气动效能初步分析结果表明，该方案可有效满足整个飞行包线内的升重平衡需求，相比航天飞机方案具有显著的整体气动效能优势，值得进一步开展深入研究。

关键词: 水平起降, 重复使用, 天地往返空天飞行器, 全速域变体, 放宽气动热防护, 飞行轨迹控制

Abstract:

 Aiming at how to solve the matching problems between the aerodynamic performance demands and the aerothermal protection in the full flight envelope of the future space shuttle which can horizontally take-off and should be affordable and reusable, typical related aerodynamic technology study state of this type of aerospace vehicle and the main problems of the existing space shuttle are analyzed. The aerodynamic conceptual design of a larger affordable space transportation system is investigated under the new idea of energy loss speed control or even recovery with the following methods: aerothermal protection relax, turbojet-scramjet-rocket combined engine, full speed range morphing wing and the special reentry trajectory control with wavy flight mode and so on. The obtained scheme (named LARSTS) can satisfy the normal airport condition, and the preliminary aerodynamic and aerothermal estimated results show that LARSTS owns a significantly better performance than the existing space shuttle in full flight envelope. It is worthy to be studied further in the future.

Key words: Horizontal-takeoff, Reusable, Aerospace vehicle, Morphing in full speed range, Aerothermal protection relax, Flight trajectory control

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