Because of the low accuracy of the single satellite passive localization, a method for locating the static wideband signal emitter on the earth by using single satellite based on radial acceleration accurate estimation is proposed. Based on the researches of radial acceleration estimation from the time of arrival (TOA) measurements only, a localization method is proposed by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) search technique. The relationship between position error and parameters such as satellite state, observation time and radiation signal parameters (bandwidth, repetition frequency and duration time) is analyzed and simulated Theoretical analysis and computer simulation indicate that this localization method is easy to implement with small computation and could be widely used. And the performance of this method is excellent.