Abstract: The main technical challenges of a Mars landing mission in terms of the flight environment, ground verification, and inter system correlation are introduced. To solve those problems, according to the stages (aerodynamic deceleration, parachute deceleration, powered descent, and landing buffer) involed in the critical links of Mars landing, several vital elements are analyzed, including the atmospheric entry mode, initial entry interface points conditions, aerodynamic shape, heat protection, parachute deployment, heatshield jettison, backshell avoidance maneuver, and engine shutdown in touch process. Besides, the research processes and results of multidisciplinary design between Tianwen 1 and other typical Mars landings missions are presented. In addition, the Mars landing verification method combining critical system physical test and entire simulation test is discussed.

Key words: Mars landing, Tianwen 1, Ground test verification